Relationship of the diffuse aurora and SAR arc dynamics to substorms and storms

Investigation results of a diffuse aurora (DA) and stable auroral red (SAR) arc dynamics based on spectrophotometric observations at the Yakutsk meridian (199°E geomagnetic longitude) are presented. The relationship of an equatorward extension of DA in the 557.7 nm emission to a substorm growth phase during the magnetospheric convection intensification after the turn of IMF B_Z to the south is shown. The formation of SAR arc during the substorm expansion phase is investigated. The association of SAR arc dynamics with the development of asymmetric ring current (substorm injection) during the main phase of a storm is analyzed. It is shown how the pulsating precipitations of energetic ring current particles develop in the outer plasmasphere based on photometric observations.     

建立测量标准有关问题探讨

就如何撰写建标报告和正确填写申请表进行了详细的描述，并就作者在审核企事业单位建标报告和申请表的过程中所发现的问题进行了归纳总结，旨在帮助参与撰写工作的专业技术人员按照规范的要求和正确的思路完成高质量的技术报告撰写工作。     

Development of one-minute rain-rate and rain-attenuation contour maps for satellite propagation system planning in a subtropical country: South Africa

Millimeter and microwave system design at higher frequencies require as input a 1-min rain-rate cumulative distribution function for estimating the level of degradation that can be encountered at such frequency bands. Owing to the lack of 1-min rain-rate data in South Africa and the availability of 5-min and hourly rainfall data, we have used rain-rate conversion models and the refined Moupfouma model to convert the available data into 1-min rain-rate statistics. The attenuation caused by these rain rates was predicted using the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) recommendations model. The Kriging interpolation method was used to draw contour maps over different percentages of time for spatial interpolation of rain-rate values into a regular grid in order to obtain a highly consistent and predictable inter-gauge rain-rate variation over South Africa. The present results will be useful for system designers of modern broadband wireless access (BWA) and high-density cell-based Ku/Ka, Q/V band satellite systems, over the desired area of coverage in order to determine the appropriate effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP) and receiver characteristics of this region.     

Fluctuations of cosmic rays and IMF in the vicinity of interplanetary shocks

Fluctuations of cosmic rays and interplanetary magnetic field upstream of interplanetary shocks are studied using data of ground-based polar neutron monitors as well as measurements of energetic particles and solar wind plasma parameters aboard the ACE spacecraft. It is shown that coherent cosmic ray fluctuations in the energy range from 10 keV to 1 GeV are often observed at the Earth’s orbit before the arrival of interplanetary shocks. This corresponds to an increase of solar wind turbulence level by more than the order of magnitude upstream of the shock. We suggest a scenario where the cosmic ray fluctuation spectrum is modulated by fast magnetosonic waves generated by flux of low-energy cosmic rays which are reflected and/or accelerated by an interplanetary shock.     

气泡雾化喷嘴液雾特性

为了研究静止空气中气泡雾化喷嘴的液雾特性，利用粒子多普勒分析仪(PDA)和Mie散射显示法，对气泡雾化喷嘴在水压2．5MPa和3．4MPa条件下，较宽气液比范围内的液雾的张角、粒度及速度分布进行了测量，分析了水压、气液比、两股射流相互作用对液雾的影响。结果表明，气泡对液体射流的雾化具有较大的增强作用，同时发现存在-临界气液比(介于3％～4％之间)，当气液比达到临界值后，射流的雾化突然增强，且运行稳定。     

充气机翼保形设计与气动特性分析

充气机翼是一种典型的柔性充气结构,涉及到变形无人机前沿技术,未来可应用于折叠飞机、科学实验研究飞机、探测火星等其他行星的飞行器。依据内切圆逼近翼型方法,通过静力学进行保形证明,以NACA0018为原型翼型,设计不同内切圆数目逼近的充气机翼,利用CFD方法对所设计的充气机翼进行气动特性分析,研究不同充气机翼的气动特性和优劣性,初步掌握内切圆逼近翼型保形方法的基本性质。最后进行充气机翼的样机制作,并通过飞行试验演示验证充气机翼的飞行性能。结果表明:在低速飞行条件下,充气机翼升力系数较标准翼型有所损失,并且随内切圆数目变化不明显,基本达到标准翼型的80%左右,阻力系数变化较为明显,几乎比标准翼型增加了1.0~1.5倍。     

基于广义相对论的轨道摄动下星间激光相位比对

针对纳米到皮米量级星间激光测距,在地心非旋转坐标系(GCRS)下,考虑卫星轨道摄动引起的广义相对论效应,建立了星间单向以及双向星间激光相位比对模型.通过仿真研究了地球主引力场范围内轨道摄动引起的广义相对论效应对星间激光相位比对误差的影响,并通过星间激光相位比对误差计算星间激光测距误差.不同轨道高度的卫星仿真结果表明,对...     

Modeling and analysis of Earth’s gravity field measurement performance by inner-formation flying system

The Earth’s gravity field can be measured with high precision by constructing the purely gravitational orbit of the inner-satellite in Inner-formation Flying System (IFS), which is independently proposed by Chinese scholars and offers a new way to carry out gravity field measurement by satellite without accelerometers. In IFS, for the purpose of quickly evaluating the highest degree of recovered gravity field model and geoid error as well as analyzing the influence of system parameters on gravity field measurement, an analytical formula was established by spectral analysis method. The formula can reflect the analytical relationship between gravity field measurement performance and system parameters such as orbit altitude, the inner-satellite orbit determination error, the inner-satellite residual disturbances, data sampling interval and total measurement time. This analytical formula was then corrected by four factors introduced from numerical simulation of IFS gravity field measurement. By comparing computation results from corrected analytical formula and the actual gravity field measurement performance by CHAMP, the correctness and rationality of this analytical formula were verified. Based on this analytical formula, the influences of system parameters on IFS gravity field measurement were analyzed. It is known that gravity field measurement performance is a monotone decreasing function of orbit altitude, the inner-satellite orbit determination error, the inner-satellite residual disturbances, data sampling interval and the reciprocal of total measurement time. There is a match relationship between the inner-satellite orbit determination error and residual disturbances, in other words, the change rate of gravity field measurement performance with one of them is seriously restricted by their relative size. The analytical formula can be used to quantitatively evaluate gravity field measurement performance fast and design IFS parameters optimally. It is noted that the analytical formula and corresponding conclusions are applied to any gravity satellite which measures gravity field by satellite perturbation orbit.     

雷达侦察系统近场相位校正方法的实现

对采用多基线相位干涉仪进行测向定位的雷达侦察系统,分析在近场条件下进行相位一致性校正时引入的波程差,提出了近场条件下的相位校正方法.该方法可有效地消除或减小环境因素对雷达侦察系统相位校正和测向误差的影响,从而提高测向和定位精度.     

基于基线延长的高精度北斗双星系统快速定向算法研究

由于北斗定位系统的两颗卫星位于赤道的同步轨道，对地静止且可观测的载波相位信息少，因此传统多星系统求解整周模糊度进行定向的方法难以直接利用。针对此情况，利用延长基线可改变卫星-天线几何关系的方法，求解载波相位的整周模糊度，化不利为有利，实现双星的快速定向。针对基线在不同区域不同姿态下的仿真表明：当测试条件为基线原长1．5m，延长倍数为4时，载波相位测量精度为1％周，可实现优于0．1。的方位精度和0．05。的俯仰精度，如果延长基线或增加延长倍数，还可取得更高精度，证实了该方法的可行性和高精度性。同时由于该方法的基线安装机构简单可靠，使用时便于展开，因此可应用于环境复杂的快速定向场合。